The Near-Infrared Spectrograph is best for imaging bright celestial objects over a narrow field of view. It was designed to study the formation of planetary systems, debris disks, small stars, Jupiter-mass planets, and other near-infrared objects in deep space. The Near-Infrared Spectrograph is a single-object near-infrared to mid-infrared echelle spectrograph that provides an extraordinary spectral multiplex advantage through simultaneous coverage of the full JHKLM bands. The instrument operates when the Giant Magellan Telescope is using adaptive optics viewing modes.